Maria Gemma Grillotti Di Giacomo, Pierluigi De Felice<\/p>\n
If the energetic transition towards new sources of renewable energy is now an obligatory and necessary process, as repeatedly recalled by European directives and international agreements, the methods of implementation and the dynamics underlying the change in the energy paradigm do not appear as sustainable. Analysing the spread and the results produced by the processes of land acquisition for bioenergy, major economic, environmental, social and territorial imbalances emerge in relation to the diversity of regional contexts, on the cost-benefit ratio of bioenergy sources. The authors are aware of the opportunities and at the same time of the threats arising from the processes taking place in the countryside, both in European countries and in developing countries. They reflect on the need to combine the biomass energy transition with the latest agricultural revolution, aimed at safeguarding: biodiversity, food sovereignty, quality productions and rural landscapes. In order to be able to enhance the elements of positivity and reduce those of conflict, it is always useful to first consider the specific conditions of each regional agricultural reality.<\/p>\n
Bioenergie, land grabbing e sovranit\u00e0 alimentare: una riflessione geografica<\/strong><\/p>\n Se la transizione energetica verso le nuove fonti di energia rinnovabile \u00e8 ormai un processo obbligato e necessario, come pi\u00f9 volte richiamato dalle direttive europee e dagli accordi internazionali, non altrettanto sostenibili appaiono le modalit\u00e0 di attuazione e le dinamiche sottese al cambiamento del paradigma energetico. Analizzando la diffusione e gli esiti prodotti dai processi di acquisizione delle terre da destinare alle bioenergie, emergono forti squilibri di carattere economico, ambientale, sociale e territoriale che invitano a riflettere, in relazione alla diversit\u00e0 dei contesti regionali, sul rapporto costi-benefici delle fonti bioenergetiche. Gli autori consapevoli delle opportunit\u00e0 e al tempo stesso delle minacce provenienti dai processi in atto nelle campagne, sia dei Paesi europei sia nei Paesi in via di sviluppo, riflettono sulla necessit\u00e0 di coniugare la transizione energetica da biomassa con l\u2019ultima rivoluzione agricola, tesa a salvaguardare: biodiversit\u00e0, sovranit\u00e0 alimentare, produzioni di qualit\u00e0 e paesaggi rurali. Per riuscire a potenziare gli elementi di positivit\u00e0 e ridurre quelli di conflittualit\u00e0 \u00e8 sempre e preliminarmente utile considerare le condizioni peculiari di ogni realt\u00e0 agricola regionale.<\/p>\n Bio\u00e9nergie, land grabbing et souverainet\u00e9 alimentaire : une r\u00e9flexion g\u00e9ographique<\/strong><\/p>\n Si la transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique vers de nouvelles sources d\u2019\u00e9nergies renouvelables est d\u00e9sormais un processus obligatoire et n\u00e9cessaire, comme l\u2019ont mentionn\u00e9 \u00e0 maintes reprises les directives europ\u00e9ennes et les accords internationaux, les modalit\u00e9s de mise en oeuvre et les dynamiques sous-jacentes au changement de paradigme \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique ne semblent pas satisfaire aux exigences r\u00e9elles de durabilit\u00e9. En analysant la diffusion des processus d\u2019acquisition de terres pour la bio\u00e9nergie et les r\u00e9sultats produits, \u00e9mergent de forts d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibres \u00e9conomiques, environnementaux, sociaux et territoriaux, qui invitent \u00e0 s\u2019interroger, par rapport \u00e0 la diversit\u00e9 des contextes r\u00e9gionaux, sur le rapport co\u00fbt \/ b\u00e9n\u00e9fice des sources de bio\u00e9nergie. Conscients des opportunit\u00e9s et en m\u00eame temps des menaces \u00e9manant des processus en cours dans les campagnes, tant dans les pays europ\u00e9ens que dans les pays en voie de d\u00e9veloppement, les auteurs r\u00e9fl\u00e9chissent \u00e0 la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de combiner la transition \u00e9nerg\u00e9tique de la biomasse avec la derni\u00e8re r\u00e9volution agricole, visant \u00e0 sauvegarder : biodiversit\u00e9, souverainet\u00e9 alimentaire, produits de qualit\u00e9 et paysages ruraux. Pour pouvoir valoriser les facteurs de positivit\u00e9 et r\u00e9duire les \u00e9l\u00e9ments conflictuels, comme toujours, il est pr\u00e9alablement utile de consid\u00e9rer les conditions particuli\u00e8res de chaque r\u00e9alit\u00e9 agricole r\u00e9gionale.<\/p>\n Keywords:<\/strong> renewable energy, agro-financial speculation, food security
\nParole chiave:<\/strong> energia rinnovabile, speculazione agrofinanziaria, sicurezza alimentare
\nMots-cl\u00e9s :<\/strong> \u00e9nergies renouvelables, sp\u00e9culation agrofinanci\u00e8re, s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire<\/p>\n